Chemical compound of cumin and fennel seed extracts against some types of pathogenic bacteria

Abstract

Objective This objective of the study was to find antimicrobial capability from two aromatic plants (Cumin and Fennel seeds) which returns to Apiaceae family.
Methods The chemical aromatic compounds were extracted from seeds by methanol alcohol by concentration of 70%. The aromatic plant seeds were investigated for their phenols and flavonoids content by HPLC analysis which proved the existence of each gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, and tannin compared to standards. The effectiveness of extracts was estimated as antibacterial activity using CUP assay method and natural antioxidant activity by 2,2’-azino-bis < 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid > (ABTS) assay.
Results The results show that the inhibitory ability to the fennel extract has been better than the cumin extract versus bacterial pathogen. The highest rates for inhibition of Fennel extract at a concentration 50,100 mg/ml against Streptococcus agalactiae, and Proteus mirabillis reaching (14 and 16 mm), respectively, in comparison with control which did not show any effect against bacterial test. While the highest rates inhibitory of Cumin extract at concentration 50,100 mg/ml against Streptococcus agalactiae reaching (12 and13 mm), respectively, in comparison with control. Although the antioxidant capacity estimated by 2,2’-azino-bis < 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid > (ABTS) assay, the plant extracts showed no susceptibility antioxidant for 2,2’-azino-bis < 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid > (ABTS) Radical.
Conclusions In this paper, medicinal plant seeds from the Apiaceae family that were Cuminum cyminum L (Cumin seeds) and Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Fennel seeds) are studied. There has been appraised antibacterial activity against some of pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae, Proteus mirabillis, Enterococcus clocae, Escherichia coli, while we did not find any effective antioxidant using ABTA. Radical assay despite it contains extracts on different percentages of active ingredients, which are characterized as antioxidants. So we recommend conducting further studies to prove the effectiveness of antioxidants for these extracts using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.
Keywords medicinal plants, phenolic compounds, HPLC, pathogenic bacteria, ABTS