Measuring The Level of The Hormone Progesterone on The Day of Transfer of Fresh and Frozen Embryos and Its Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: Prediction of the effect of the hormone progesterone on pregnancy results that measured on the day of transfer of fresh and frozen embryos.

Method: This research at reproductive centres in Baghdad from May 2022 to April 2023 examined how serum progesterone levels affect embryo transfers in ICSI procedures in 100 fresh or frozen cycle women. The study examined clinical data and endometrial preparation techniques to determine if progesterone levels affect pregnancy rates. Data were analysed using SPSS to determine how pre-transfer hormonal levels affected implantation and pregnancy outcomes. Participants were selected according on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study shows that progesterone is essential for IVF embryo transfers.

Results: Compared to frozen cycles in females, fresh cycles had greater mean age and progesterone levels but lower COC number and 2PN levels, with no changes in BMI, MII, or injectable MII. Frozen cycles produced more good-grade embryos, whereas fresh cycles produced more fair-grade embryos. There were no differences in the number of "C" embryos. Fresh cycle groups had greater pregnancy rates (59.1%) than frozen cycle groups (38.9%), but progesterone levels did not change between cycle types.

Conclusion: The study found that fresh cycles include older participants, greater progesterone but lower COC and 2PN levels, and higher pregnancy rates than frozen cycles. BMI, MII levels, embryo count, poor grade "C" embryos, and progesterone levels associated to pregnancy outcomes did not differ across groups.