Programmed Cell Death Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i3.1288Keywords:
apoptosis, necrosis, kupffer cell, liver, H2O2, electron microscope, GSH.Abstract
Objectives: By studying hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis, this study aims to provide an understanding for the mechanism of various liver diseases and thus drug development.
Methods: Oxidative stress was experimentally induced in rats through daily oral administration of 1% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 15 and 30 days, leading to liver injury characterized by cell death of hepatocytes, particularly in the centrilobular region.
Results: This study aimed to investigate the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of H2O2-induced hepatic injury. Apoptotic hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were identified and quantified using light microcopy. Liver sections revealed characteristic apoptotic changes, including a honeycomb appearance, cellular shrinkage, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, apoptotic body formation and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by neighboring cells. The number of apoptotic cells was positively correlated with the duration of H2O2 exposure (15 and 30 days). Ultrastructural analysis showed liver injury marked by mitochondrial swelling, cristae lysis, fragmentation of the endoplasmic reticulum and disruption of cytoplasmic structures. Additionally, rats treated with H2O2 exhibited a significant reduction in hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels compared to control.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathological process underlying liver injury induced by oxidative stress mediated by H2O2.
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