Comparison of Some Indicators in Serum and Saliva on Periodontitis

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the serum indicators level in healthy and periodontitis subjects and correlate the levels in the terms of changes of serum and salivary parameters in periodontal disease. Methods: The assay comprised 85 subjects, enrolled of both genders in the age range of 33-56 years old. Volunteers were categorized into two groups: 40 healthy individual, other groups (periodontal disease) embraced 45 patients. The salivary and blood samples were collected and sent for biochemical analysis to measure the nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, catalase, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 4 (IL-4), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in periodontitis patients. Results: Based on the statistical evaluation of bio-indicator parameters, the following conclusion can be shown from this revision: Serum and saliva SOD (P <0.001), glutathione(P <0.001), and catalase(P <0.001) activates were significantly reduced in periodontitis as compared with control groups, the remaining biochemical assessed in periodontitis patients [NO (P <0.001), IL-4 (P <0.0001), IL-6 (P <0.0001), and IFN-γ (P <0.0001)] indicated significantly high levels  in both serum and saliva samples. Conclusions: The NO, SOD, catalase, glutathione and cytokines may be used as bio-indicator for periodontitis exposure, medical conduct and severity. This recognition offers early diagnosis of disease and progression. Also there was a direct positive correlation between the salivary and the serum bio-markers levels, which it was proved that the salivary non-invasive examination had a significant association with the serum investigation.